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资源管理改革部长 Chris Bishop 和国会副部长 Simon Court 对《规划法案》（Planning Bill）和《自然环境法案》（Natural Environment Bill）经环境委员会审议并提交国会表示欢迎。委员会对法案提出了一系列修改建议，在保留新规划体系核心设计的同时，提高了制度的可操作性。

Bishop部长表示：

“政府正在以新的规划体系取代已经失灵的《资源管理法》（RMA），使新西兰更容易发展食品和纤维产业，建设住房、基础设施和可再生能源项目，同时继续保护环境。

这是政府‘解决基础问题、消除增长障碍、建设更强大经济’计划的重要组成部分。

新规划体系将带来显著经济效益。独立分析显示，到2050年，新规划体系预计每年可额外推动国内生产总值（GDP）增长0.56%，每年创造最高31亿纽元的经济价值。一项成本效益分析估计，未来30年可节省约133亿纽元的行政和合规成本。

官员还估计，在新制度下，大约45%的《资源管理法》许可和审批申请将不再需要。根据2023/24年度的数据，这意味着每年约有15,000至22,000项许可可以取消。

在过去六个月中，环境委员会认真审议了来自全国各地的意见和建议。

目前，委员会已将法案提交国会，并建议作出一系列合理改进。政府支持这些建议，它们在保留新规划体系核心特点的同时，进一步完善了相关立法。

除委员会建议外，政府还同意对法案进行进一步修改。

其中一项修改涉及 Mana Whakahono ā Rohe（地方毛利合作协议）。

法案最初规定，在新法生效前已存在或已启动的Mana Whakahono ā Rohe协议将自动转入新制度，但新制度下不再允许签订新的此类协议。

然而，自法案提出以来，我们注意到地方政府与毛利部族（iwi）之间新签订或启动的协议数量迅速增加。去年法案提出时，全国只有8项协议，而如今已有数十项协议已经签订或启动。

因此，内阁决定，现有和已启动的Mana Whakahono ā Rohe协议将不会自动转入新的规划体系。

取而代之的是，地方政府可选择签订新的、范围更明确的毛利参与协议，仅用于规定毛利部族如何参与法定规划程序，以及落实《怀唐伊条约》和解协议所需的程序。法案还将设置明确限制，防止协议权限不断扩大。

政府也正在研究怀卡托地区《规划变更一号》（Plan Change 1，PC1）的处理方案。环境法院最近已公布该计划的最终裁决。

我们认为，在基础法律即将发生重大变化、国家规划政策也将更新的情况下，让怀卡托农民和种植者同时执行新的规划变更并不合理，因此政府可能通过进一步修正案解决这一问题。

委员会还提出了一系列切实可行的改进建议，以提高法律确定性、降低不必要的合规成本，并使立法更容易实施。

新规划体系的整体架构保持不变。新的双法案体系将继续保留，包括：由总体目标和国家规划工具统一制定方向；缩小各层级重复审议事项的范围；制定更加统一的规划规则；减少审批要求；提高公众参与审批程序的门槛；并更加专注于管理真正重要的环境影响。

对法案宗旨和目标的修改，将更加重视民众合理利用自身土地的权利，以及食品和纤维产业的重要性，同时更好地支持基础设施建设、形成更具竞争力的城市土地市场，创造更多开发机会，并促进自然环境改善。

针对公众意见，委员会加强了对自然资源收费机制的保障措施，确保收费仅用于覆盖相关成本，并且与资源、地点及相关活动之间保持更明确的联系。

委员会还删除了原先建议的市场化和竞争性资源分配方式，保留‘先申请、先审批’原则，在政府继续研究未来资源分配机制期间，为各方提供更大的确定性。

删除‘预防原则（Precautionary Principle）’更加符合政府的政策目标，即即使信息存在不确定性，规划决策也应坚持比例原则，并建立在充分证据基础之上。

委员会继续保留通过制度目标以及毛利参与国家规划工具和规划制定程序来体现毛利利益的做法，而不是依赖范围宽泛、开放式的《怀唐伊条约》条款。

委员会还提出了有助于明确履行《怀唐伊条约》和解义务的建议，政府对此表示支持，并计划通过补充修正案，对部分和解协议作出更具体说明。

值得注意的是，委员会还完善了新旧制度的过渡安排，根据地方政府和规划专业人士的反馈，将实施过渡期由30个月延长至39个月。

这将为制定首批国家规划工具留出更多时间，并有助于实现从《资源管理法》向新规划体系的平稳过渡。”

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国会副部长Simon Court表示：

“委员会所作出的修改，使新的规划体系更加易于使用，同时继续保护环境。

《自然环境法案》的修改恢复了‘受控活动（Controlled Activity）’类别，为农民及其他初级产业经营者提供更大的确定性，并简化了野生动物审批程序，减少不必要的行政手续，使项目能够更快启动。

修改还进一步明确，环境限制应兼顾环境、社会和经济目标，并确保这些限制在实践中切实可行。

法案还通过监管减负措施限制地方政府过度监管，同时承认私人土地所有者在保护公共利益方面所作出的贡献。

温室气体排放的负面影响已经由《气候变化应对法》和排放交易体系（ETS）进行管理，因此将其从新的规划体系中移除，可避免重复监管，并提供更大的确定性。

最终形成的规划体系将更加简单、更可预测，更有利于建设新西兰所需要的住房、基础设施和能源项目，同时继续保护环境。”

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Bishop部长和Court副部长感谢由Catherine Wedd主持的环境委员会，以及所有提交意见的新西兰民众、机构和企业。

Bishop表示：

“法案下一步将进入国会二读程序。

我们还将很快公布新版《国家规划政策指引》的示范草案，推进改革进入下一阶段，使新西兰民众更清楚了解新规划体系在实际中的运作方式。

这些改革将取代新西兰最复杂、诉讼最多的法律之一，建立一个更加可预测、更统一，并更有利于推动国家发展的规划体系。”

Resource Management Reform Minister Chris Bishop and Parliamentary Under-Secretary Simon Court are welcoming the Planning Bill and Natural Environment Bill being reported back from the Environment Committee, with changes that improve the workability of New Zealand’s new planning system while retaining its core design.

“The Government is replacing the broken Resource Management Act with a new planning system that will make it easier to produce food and fibre, and build the homes, infrastructure and renewable energy that New Zealand needs – while continuing to protect the environment,” Mr Bishop says.

“It’s a big part of the Government’s plan to fix the basics, remove barriers to growth and build a stronger economy.

“The economic benefits of our new planning system are significant. Independent analysis shows the new planning system is projected to boost GDP by an additional 0.56 per cent every year by 2050, worth up to $3.1 billion annually. A cost benefit analysis estimates $13.3 billion in savings over 30 years through reduced administrative and compliance costs.

“Officials also estimate that around 45 per cent of consent and permit applications required under the RMA could be removed under the new system. Based on 2023/24 volumes, that represents between 15,000 and 22,000 consents no longer needed.

“Over the past six months, the Environment Committee has carefully considered submissions from across New Zealand.

“The Committee has now reported the Bills back to Parliament having recommended a range of sensible improvements – which the Government supports – that strengthen the legislation while retaining the core features of the new planning system.

“Alongside the Committee’s recommendations, the Government has agreed further amendments to the legislation.

“One of those changes relates to Mana Whakahono ā Rohe agreements.

“The Bills as introduced provide that Mana Whakahono ā Rohe that existed or had been initiated prior to the Bills being enacted would transfer into the new system, but that there would be no provision for new ones.

“Since the Bills were introduced, we have become concerned about the rapid increase in new agreements and initiated processes between councils and iwi. Eight existed when the Bills were introduced late last year. Since then, several dozen more have been agreed or initiated.

“Cabinet has therefore agreed that existing and initiated Mana Whakahono ā Rohe agreements will not transfer into the new planning system.

“Instead, councils will have the option of entering into new narrowly scoped iwi participation agreements to record how iwi authorities will participate in statutory planning processes and processes required to give effect to Treaty settlement redress. Clear guardrails will be included in the legislation to prevent scope creep.

“The Government is also considering options around Waikato’s Plan Change 1 (PC1), which the Environment Court recently released its final decision on.

“It doesn’t make sense for Waikato farmers and growers to be implementing a new plan change at the same time as the underlying legislation is changing and new national direction is being issued, so we may address this issue through a further amendment.

“The Committee’s recommendations also include a range of practical improvements that strengthen certainty, reduce unnecessary compliance costs, and make the legislation more practical to implement.

“The core architecture remains unchanged. The new two-Bill system will be retained, which features goals and national instruments setting direction from the top, a narrowing of matters that can be revisited at each successive level of decision-making, more consistent planning rules, fewer consenting requirements, higher thresholds for public participation in consents, and a clearer focus on managing the effects that matter.

“Changes to the purpose and goals will give stronger recognition to people’s enjoyment of their land and the importance of food and fibre production, and will better enable infrastructure, create competitive urban land markets that deliver an abundance of development opportunities, and support enhancement of the natural environment.

“In response to concerns raised by submitters, the Committee has strengthened the safeguards around natural resource levies, ensuring they remain tightly focused on covering costs and are better linked to the resource, location and activities they fund.

“It has also removed the proposed market-based and comparative allocation approaches and retained first-in, first-served permitting, providing greater certainty while the Government continues work on future allocation approaches.

“The removal of the precautionary principle better reflects the Government’s intention that planning decisions should be proportionate and evidence-based, even where information is uncertain.

“The Committee has retained the approach to providing for Māori interests through a system goal and iwi participation in national instruments and plan-making rather than relying on broad, open-ended Treaty provisions.

“It has also made helpful recommendations to clarify the obligations related to upholding Treaty settlements, which the Government has committed to do. We intend to provide further specificity regarding some settlements through an Amendment Paper.

“Importantly, the Committee has also refined the transition to the new planning system, extending the implementation period from 30 to 39 months in response to feedback from councils and planning practitioners.

“This will provide more time to prepare the first tranche of national instruments and support a smoother transition from the Resource Management Act to the new system,” Mr Bishop says.

Parliamentary Under-Secretary Simon Court says the Committee has made practical changes that make the new planning system easier to use while protecting the environment.

“Changes to the Natural Environment Bill restore controlled activity classes to give farmers and other primary producers more certainty, and simplify wildlife approvals to cut unnecessary bureaucracy so projects can get underway sooner.

“They have also made it clearer that environmental limits need to balance environmental, social and economic outcomes, and that those limits should be workable in practice.

“The Bill also reins in unnecessary council overreach through the regulatory relief provisions while recognising the contribution private landowners make to protecting public values.

“The negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions are already managed through the Climate Change Response Act and the Emissions Trading Scheme. Removing them from this planning system avoids duplication and provides greater certainty.

“The result is a planning system that’s simpler, more predictable, and makes it easier to build the homes, infrastructure and energy projects New Zealand needs while protecting the environment.”

Mr Bishop and Mr Court thanked the Committee, chaired by Catherine Wedd, and the many New Zealanders, organisations and businesses who made submissions on the Bills.

“The Bills will now proceed to their second reading in Parliament,” Mr Bishop says.

“We will shortly release an illustrative draft of the new National Policy Direction, continuing the next phase of these reforms and giving New Zealanders a clearer picture of how the new planning system will operate in practice.

“These reforms will replace one of New Zealand’s most complicated and litigious pieces of legislation with a planning system that is more predictable, more consistent and far better at enabling New Zealand to grow.”

Find attached:

Fact sheet: Key features of the new planning system
Fact sheet: Key changes to the Bills at Select Committee