新西兰政府确认KiwiRail运营新库克海峡铁路渡轮 两艘新船命名为“库佩号”和“库克号”
编辑部|2026年7月18日
新西兰政府正式确认,KiwiRail(新西兰铁路公司)将负责运营未来两艘新的库克海峡铁路渡轮(Cook Strait rail ferries),两艘新渡轮分别命名为:
- Kupe(库佩号)
- Cook(库克号)
铁路部长温斯顿·彼得斯(Winston Peters)表示,这项决定将确保新西兰未来一代及更长时期拥有一个:
- 实用(practical)
- 可负担(affordable)
- 持久稳定(enduring)
的库克海峡渡轮服务。
KiwiRail拥有64年运营经验
彼得斯表示:
“KiwiRail自1962年Interislander服务开始以来,一直负责运营库克海峡渡轮。在我们看来,经验非常重要。”
他说,让铁路货运网络和渡轮运营继续作为一个整体运行,有助于维护新西兰关键国内运输通道,特别是连接:
- 奥克兰(Auckland)
- 基督城(Christchurch)
之间的重要铁路货运路线。
他说:
“这一决定确保铁路货运系统与渡轮服务保持统一运作,为新西兰关键物流线路提供支持。”
KiwiRail运营表现改善
政府表示,近年来KiwiRail运营表现持续提升。
目前:
- Interislander渡轮可靠率达到 98%
- KiwiRail预计(待最终审计确认)截至2026年6月30日达到:
1.6亿纽元盈利目标
彼得斯表示:
“KiwiRail已经证明自身能力正在提升。”
新渡轮2029年投入运营 合同期限30年
根据政府公布安排:
- KiwiRail将在新渡轮抵达后负责运营;
- 运营期限为资产生命周期30年;
- 2039年(运营10年后)进行一次评估。
商业模式合作:不是政府赠送
彼得斯强调:
“这不是一份礼物,而是一项商业安排。”
他说,该方案:
- 保护地方纳税人利益;
- 承认港口投资贡献;
- 确保纳税人的基础设施投资获得回报。
根据安排:
KiwiRail将向:
- CentrePort(惠灵顿港)
- Port Marlborough(马尔堡港)
- Ferry Holdings
支付商业化港口费用。
其中:
- CentrePort投入约1亿纽元;
- Port Marlborough投入约1.1亿纽元;
两家公司将获得合理商业回报。
Picton基础设施成立特殊合作实体
由于皮克顿(Picton)需要建设更复杂的新基础设施:
- Ferry Holdings投入:3.73亿纽元
政府将成立特殊目的公司(Special Purpose Vehicle),由:
- Port Marlborough
- Ferry Holdings
共同持有相关资产。
政府表示,这种安排能够确保公共投资产生长期价值。
项目预算控制在17亿纽元
政府再次确认:
纳税人投入不会超过:
17亿纽元
该预算于2025年11月公布,并与广州国际船舶工业有限公司签订固定价格合同。
目前计划:
- 2027年开始造船;
- 2029年新渡轮抵达新西兰。
比原iReX项目节省23亿纽元
彼得斯表示:
“新的渡轮项目将在满足新西兰需求的同时,为纳税人节省23亿纽元。”
政府指出:
原iReX项目:
- KiwiRail估算成本已升至31亿纽元;
- 财政部曾警告可能达到40亿纽元。
彼得斯表示:
“我们的理念很简单:建设需要的,而不是想要的;做有效的,而不是追求炫目的;相信专家,而不是迎合者。”
新基础设施将在皮克顿和惠灵顿建设
新渡轮计划包括:
皮克顿(Picton)
建设新的海运基础设施。
惠灵顿(Wellington)
升级现有港口设施。
政府表示,项目将设置:
- 合理风险储备;
- 激励机制;
确保:
- Ferry Holdings
- KiwiRail
- 两个港口
- 建设承包商
共同实现:
- 按时完成;
- 控制预算。
彼得斯强调:
“不会采用成本加成合同,也不会出现松散的项目管理。”
两艘渡轮名称体现新西兰海洋历史
政府表示,新名称经过法律注册,旨在纪念新西兰航海历史以及库克海峡连接全国的重要作用。
第一艘:
Kupe(库佩号)
第二艘:
Cook(库克号)
彼得斯表示:
“这些都是正式的名字、历史的名字、新西兰的名字。”
他说:
“Kupe和Cook体现了真实的新西兰——一个由海洋、移民、风险、企业精神以及寻找未来的人们共同塑造的国家。”
服务未来两代新西兰人
政府表示,新渡轮计划将:
- 保留库克海峡铁路运输;
- 增强货运和旅客运输韧性;
- 建立长期资金储备机制。
KiwiRail未来30年将逐步建立储备资金,用于:
2059年购买下一代渡轮。
彼得斯表示:
“这不仅仅是一项保障下一代库克海峡运输的协议,而是为未来两代新西兰人建立保障。”
他最后说:
“我们正在新的航程、新的船只上继续前进,让常识重新掌舵。”
新闻解读
库克海峡渡轮是连接新西兰南北岛的重要国家基础设施,承担:
- 铁路货运;
- 公路货运;
- 旅游运输;
- 民生物流;
等关键功能。
此次政府确认KiwiRail继续运营,体现其核心政策方向:
1. 保持铁路与渡轮一体化
政府认为,铁路运输不能与渡轮割裂,否则会影响全国物流效率。
2. 强调成本控制
政府将该项目作为纠正大型基础设施项目超支问题的案例,强调固定价格合同和商业责任。
3. 强化国家运输韧性
在全球供应链风险增加背景下,稳定的南北岛运输连接具有战略意义。
不过,该项目未来仍将面临:
- 建造进度风险;
- 港口施工协调;
- 成本控制压力;
- 社会对历史命名的争议;
等挑战。
总体而言,新渡轮项目将成为未来几十年新西兰交通基础设施的重要工程。
The Government has confirmed KiwiRail will operate New Zealand’s two new Cook Strait rail ferries, with the vessels to be named Kupe and Cook.
Minister for Rail Winston Peters says the decision secures a practical, affordable, and enduring Cook Strait ferry service for the next generation and beyond.
“KiwiRail has run the Interislander since its inception in 1962, and in our book, experience counts,” Mr Peters says.
“This decision keeps the rail freight network and ferry operation working as one system, supporting the critical domestic freight route between Auckland and Christchurch.
“KiwiRail has demonstrated improved performance, with Interislander reliability now at 98 percent and KiwiRail is poised, pending final audit, to achieve its $160 million earnings target to 30 June 2026,” Mr Peters says.
Under the confirmed arrangements, KiwiRail will operate the new ferries when they arrive in 2029 for the 30-year life of the assets, with the arrangement to be reviewed in 2039 after the first ten years.
“This is no gift. It is a commercial arrangement that protects ratepayers, recognises the investments made by the ports, and ensures taxpayers receive the benefit of every cent invested in infrastructure,” Mr Peters says.
“KiwiRail will pay commercially priced port fees to CentrePort, Port Marlborough and Ferry Holdings. CentrePort and Port Marlborough will earn a reasonable return on their $100 million and $110 million contributions respectively.
“Because more complex new infrastructure is being built in Picton with $373 million to be paid by Ferry Holdings, a special purpose vehicle will be established to co-own assets between Port Marlborough and Ferry Holdings.
The Government has reconfirmed the taxpayer contribution to the programme will be no more than $1.7 billion, as announced in November 2025 alongside confirmation of a fixed price contract with Guangzhou Shipyard International. Ferries will arrive in 2029 with ship construction on schedule to start in 2027.
“The new ferry programme saves New Zealanders $2.3 billion compared to the previous project, while still delivering the rail ferries and infrastructure New Zealand needs,” Mr Peters says.
“Project iReX had blown out to $3.1 billion according to KiwiRail, while Treasury had already warned the previous Government it was on course to $4 billion.
“Our approach is simple: build what is needed, not what is desired. Do what works, not what dazzles. Trust the experts, not the yes-men.
“The ferries will be supported by new marine infrastructure in Picton and modified marine infrastructure in Wellington, funded with appropriate contingency and incentives to keep Ferry Holdings, KiwiRail, both ports and their builders focused on on-time, on-budget delivery.
“There will be no cost-plus construction contracts and no lazy project management. Ferry Holdings holds the purse strings and retains the major rights in controlling the programme,” Mr Peters says.
The ferries have been legally registered with new names honouring New Zealand’s maritime history and the enduring role of Cook Strait in connecting the country.
“The first ferry will be called Kupe, and the second ferry will be called Cook,” Mr Peters says.
“These are proper names. Historic names. New Zealand names.
“Kupe and Cook reflect New Zealand as it actually is: a country shaped by the sea, by settlement, by risk, by enterprise, and by people who crossed dangerous waters in search of a future.”
The new ferry programme preserves rail across Cook Strait, supports freight and passenger resilience, and sets up a long-term pathway for KiwiRail to build a reserve to purchase replacement ferries in 2059.
“This is not just a deal to secure the Strait for another generation; it secures it for the next two generations.
“Once again, we are charting the practical course on new tides, with new vessels, and with common sense back at the helm,” Mr Peters says.
[Ferries images / video at Downloadable Assets – Ferry Holdings]

