南岛深海鱼场实施季节性禁捕，保护橙鳞笛鲷（Orange Roughy）繁殖
海洋与渔业部长 Shane Jones 宣布，新西兰将在南岛以东一片深海渔场实施季节性关闭措施，以保护橙鳞笛鲷（orange roughy）的繁殖活动，并促进鱼群恢复。
关闭范围与时间
该措施覆盖位于南岛以东的 Chatham Rise（查塔姆隆起）东南深海渔场的一部分区域（ESCR fishery）。
具体内容包括：
- 关闭面积约 4983平方公里
- 时间为每年 6月初至7月中旬
- 覆盖橙鳞笛鲷的主要产卵区域与产卵季节
政府决策背景
Jones部长表示：
- 去年已大幅削减该渔场的商业捕捞配额
- 并要求官员制定保护产卵区的方案
- 在公众咨询后，决定实施季节性禁捕
他强调：
“保护产卵区域是支持鱼群恢复的关键。”
橙鳞笛鲷的生态特点
橙鳞笛鲷（Orange roughy）具有以下特点：
- 深海鱼类
- 寿命极长（可达数十年）
- 产卵时会在固定时间和地点形成密集鱼群
- 对过度捕捞极为敏感，恢复速度慢
政策目标
政府表示，此举主要目标包括：
1. 促进鱼群恢复
确保鱼类能够完成繁殖周期，提高种群数量。
2. 维持长期渔业可持续性
该渔场长期为新西兰渔业提供：
- 就业机会
- 出口收入
- 地区经济支撑
对渔业的影响
部长指出：
- 在禁捕期间，渔民仍可在其他区域捕捞
- 或在全年其他时间继续作业
但他也承认：
这项决定对行业来说是一个“重大冲击”。
决策依据
该政策基于：
- 最新渔业科学评估
- 公众咨询意见
- 行业与利益相关方反馈
简要解读
这项措施体现了新西兰渔业管理的典型模式：
1. “精细化空间管理”
不是全面禁捕，而是：
- 在关键产卵区
- 关键时间窗口
实施封闭
2. 资源恢复优先
针对生命周期长、恢复慢的深海鱼种，优先保护繁殖环节。
3. 长期经济 vs 短期产量平衡
短期捕捞减少，但目标是维持长期可持续收益。
一句话总结
新西兰正在通过“季节性封区+科学配额调整”的方式，尝试在保护深海生态系统与维持渔业经济之间取得平衡。
A seasonal closure covering thousands of square kilometres of deepwater fishery east of the South Island will protect spawning orange roughy and help the stock recover, Oceans and Fisheries Minister Shane Jones says.
“Last year, I made a significant cut to the commercial catch limit for East and South Chatham Rise (ESCR) fishery, and at that time also directed officials to develop options to protect orange roughy spawning areas in the fishery to support ongoing recovery,” Mr Jones says.
“Following public consultation, I have decided to close the whole of the northwest spawning area of the ESCR fishery during the pre and peak spawning period for orange roughy, which is from early June to mid-July each year. This encompasses spawning areas for orange roughy within the ESCR area, a total area of 4983 sq km.”
Orange roughy form dense schools to spawn at predictable times and locations each year.
Mr Jones says spawning area protections, and the catch limit reductions, are a response to stock assessments showing the ESCR orange roughy fishery is under pressure and requires careful management to rebuild.
“It is important that orange roughy are given the chance to spawn and grow their population.
“The Chatham Rise orange roughy fishery has been valuable to our fishing industry for many years, supporting jobs and economic prosperity. Ensuring its sustainability means it will continue to benefit New Zealanders well into the future.
“Commercial fishers can catch orange roughy in other parts of the fishery during the seasonal closure, and throughout the whole fishery for the rest of the year.
“This has been a difficult decision, which represents a significant jolt to the industry. The proposal went through a consultation process, during which I heard from industry and other stakeholders.
“This feedback, as well as the best available fisheries science, was used by my officials to develop the advice I based my decision on. I thank everyone who provided feedback during public consultation.”
More information, including maps of the closures, can be found on Fishery New Zealand’s website.
