新西兰最终版反洗钱法案瞄准犯罪分子，同时为普通民众减负
司法部副部长妮可·麦基（Nicole McKee）表示，政府全面改革新西兰反洗钱法律的第四项、也是最后一项法案，很快将提交国会审议。
麦基表示：
“《反洗钱和反恐融资（综合）修正案》是自2009年《反洗钱和反恐融资法》通过以来，最重要的一次改革。
“长期以来，我们的反洗钱规定让普通新西兰人感觉自己首先被当成潜在犯罪分子，其次才是客户。这导致人们在办理一些完全正常的事务时，面临不必要的文书工作、延误和繁琐程序，例如设立家庭信托、为子女开设银行账户，或者买卖房产。
“本届政府推动建立一个更加注重实际风险的制度，而不是让每一位新西兰人和每一家企业都承担同样繁重的合规负担。
“这项法案将赋予企业更大的灵活性，在洗钱或恐怖融资风险较低的情况下简化客户身份验证程序，从而把监管资源集中到真正存在风险的领域。
“与此同时，法案也将加强处理真正可疑活动的工具，包括允许签发官员，例如法官或治安法官，批准临时冻结高风险交易和账户。
“如果有证据表明现金交易可能被犯罪分子滥用，政府还将获得监管汇款服务以及虚拟资产——例如加密货币和代币——现金支付的权力。
“在制定任何相关监管规定之前，司法部将与受影响的用户和服务提供商进行咨询，以了解这些规定对合法客户和企业可能产生的实际影响。
“我们的目标是在减少犯罪活动及其危害的同时，让合法交易能够继续正常进行。
“这项法案完成了政府目前正在推进的一整套改革。2025年和2026年通过的改革已经取消了标准客户尽职调查中必须核实地址信息的要求，同时取消了仅仅因为客户使用家庭信托，就必须进行成本高昂的财富来源核查这一强制性规定。
“此前的改革还确立了内政部（Department of Internal Affairs）作为唯一的反洗钱和反恐融资监管机构，取代过去分散的监管体系，由一个监管机构负责提供更加明确和一致的指导。
“综合来看，这些改革正在推动新西兰从僵化的‘打勾式’合规模式，转向真正以风险为基础的监管方式。
“新西兰需要有效防范洗钱和恐怖融资，也必须继续履行国际义务。但良好的监管应该是适度的、有针对性的，并且能够实际执行。这正是这些改革希望实现的目标。”
编辑注
鉴于大选临近，司法部计划在2027年初就限制汇款服务和虚拟资产现金支付的相关监管提案展开咨询，以便让受影响的用户和服务提供商能够充分参与讨论。
相关法案副本已附上。
背景资料
这是政府反洗钱与反恐融资法律改革计划中的第四项、也是最后一项法案。
此前的改革重点包括：
- 降低普通消费者进行身份验证时的合规负担；
- 减少家庭信托相关的繁琐财富来源审查；
- 建立统一的AML/CFT监管机构；
- 将监管重点从“一刀切”转向风险分级监管；
- 对高风险交易和账户提供更强的临时冻结工具；
- 为未来监管汇款服务及虚拟资产现金交易建立法律授权。
简单来说，这次改革的核心逻辑就是：低风险客户少一些繁琐手续，高风险交易加强监管。
Final AML/CFT Bill targets criminals, cuts red tape for Kiwis
The fourth and final bill in the Government’s overhaul of New Zealand’s anti-money laundering laws will soon be introduced to Parliament, says Associate Justice Minister Nicole McKee.
“The AML/CFT (Omnibus) Amendment Bill represents the most substantial reform of the Anti-Money Laundering and Countering Financing of Terrorism Act since it was passed in 2009,” says Mrs McKee.
“For too long, our AML rules have treated ordinary New Zealanders as though they are potential criminals first and customers second. That has meant unnecessary paperwork, delays and frustration for people doing perfectly normal things like establishing a family trust, opening a bank account for their child, or buying and selling property.
“The Government has pushed for a system that targets actual risk rather than burying every New Zealander and every business under the same compliance burden.
“This Bill delivers that by giving businesses greater flexibility to simplify customer verification where the risk of money laundering or terrorist financing is low. Resources can then be focused where the risks are real.
“The Bill also strengthens the tools available to deal with genuinely suspicious activity, including allowing an issuing officer, such as a judge or Justice of the Peace, to approve the temporary freezing of high-risk transactions and accounts.
“It will also create powers to regulate cash payments involving remittance services and virtual assets, such as cryptocurrencies and tokens, where there is evidence that restrictions are necessary to address criminal misuse.
“Before any regulations are made, the Ministry of Justice will consult affected users and providers so the Government understands the real-world consequences for legitimate customers and businesses.
“Our aim is to reduce criminal misuse and harm while allowing lawful transactions to continue.
“This Bill completes a reform programme that is already delivering practical improvements. Changes passed in 2025 and 2026 removed the requirement to verify address information for standard customer due diligence, and removed the mandatory requirement for costly source of wealth verification simply because a customer was using a family trust.
“Earlier reforms also established the Department of Internal Affairs as the single AML/CFT regulator, replacing a fragmented system with one regulator responsible for providing clearer and more consistent guidance.
“Taken together, these reforms move New Zealand away from rigid box-ticking and towards regulation based on actual risk.
“New Zealand needs effective safeguards against money laundering and terrorist financing, and we will continue to meet our international obligations. But good regulation should be proportionate, targeted and workable. That is what these reforms are designed to deliver.”
Notes to editors:
Given the proximity of the General Election, the Ministry of Justice intends to consult on any proposals for regulations to restrict cash payments for remittance services and virtual assets in early 2027, allowing meaningful engagement with affected users and providers.
A copy of the Bill is attached.
