新研究支持新西兰防治黄脚胡蜂行动
2026年6月23日
科学部长彭妮·西蒙兹（Penny Simmonds）和生物安全部长安德鲁·霍加德（Andrew Hoggard）表示，四项新的科研项目将协助新西兰生物安全局（Biosecurity New Zealand）持续开展根除黄脚胡蜂（Yellow-legged Hornet）的工作。
这些研究由**生物经济科学研究所 Maiangi Taiao（Bioeconomy Science Institute）**的科学家负责，该机构是政府于去年成立的公共研究组织。
西蒙兹部长表示：
“其中一个项目将利用建模技术，识别奥克兰哪些地区存在黄脚胡蜂持续活动的风险最高，从而支持地面监测工作。”
她指出，在此次防治行动中，公众积极参与举报，至今已收到约17,850份通报，创下前所未有的纪录。
“这些数据将用于研究所的部分模型分析工作，也凸显了公众持续参与根除黄脚胡蜂行动的重要价值。”
霍加德部长表示，自去年在奥克兰北岸首次发现黄脚胡蜂以来，相关部门已找到并清除：
- 77只蜂后
- 132个蜂巢
自今年4月初以来，尚未再发现新的黄脚胡蜂踪迹。
他说：
“这是一个非常积极的信号，但公众仍需保持警觉。目前，搜寻和诱捕工作仍在密集进行。”
“下一阶段仍有许多工作要完成。虽然我们已经取得巨大进展，但必须做好部分蜂后可能存活下来的准备。即使春季没有发现胡蜂，也需要持续监测，并在长期没有发现任何踪迹后，才能正式确认已成功根除。”
为养蜂业制定长期应对方案
生物经济科学研究所还将制定一份应急指南，以便在必要时帮助养蜂和授粉行业长期管理黄脚胡蜂。
霍加德表示：
“作为防治工作的一部分，我们有必要研究和借鉴黄脚胡蜂已经定居国家的养蜂人所采用的工具和方法。”
这些研究项目获得了商业、创新与就业部（MBIE）通过战略科学投资基金（SSIF）的资助。
四项黄脚胡蜂研究项目
1. 利用模型识别高风险区域
通过数据建模，确定黄脚胡蜂持续存在风险较高的地区，为监测和搜寻工作提供支持。
2. 评估黄脚胡蜂对非城市地区的影响
研究黄脚胡蜂在新西兰农村和自然环境中的潜在生态及经济影响。
3. 加强毛利社区科普宣传
开展针对性的科学传播，提高毛利社区对黄脚胡蜂威胁的认识和警觉。
4. 为蜂蜜及授粉产业制定应急方案
如果未来需要长期管理黄脚胡蜂，将结合国际经验以及新西兰此次根除行动的经验教训，为蜂蜜和授粉产业建立完整的应对机制。
背景资料
黄脚胡蜂（Vespa velutina）原产于亚洲，是一种入侵性极强的外来物种，会大量捕食蜜蜂和其他传粉昆虫，对农业授粉、生物多样性和蜂蜜产业构成严重威胁。
自2025年在奥克兰北岸首次发现以来，新西兰一直将其视为优先根除目标。目前经过一年多的搜寻和清除工作，已取得显著进展，但官方认为距离宣布彻底根除仍需经过数个季节的持续监测。
Four new research projects will help the ongoing efforts, led by Biosecurity New Zealand, to eradicate the yellow-legged hornet from New Zealand, say Science Minister Penny Simmonds and Biosecurity Minister Andrew Hoggard.
The new research is being led by scientists at the Bioeconomy Science Institute Maiangi Taiao, a Public Research Organisation established by the Government last year.
“In one project, scientists will use modelling to help identify areas in Auckland most at risk of ongoing hornet presence, supporting the surveillance work being done on the ground,” says Ms Simmonds.
“There’s been an unprecedented level of public reporting during the response, with around 17,850 notifications to date. This data will be used in some of the Institute’s modelling work, underscoring the value of ongoing public involvement in efforts to eradicate the hornet.”
Andrew Hoggard says since yellow-legged hornets were first detected on Auckland’s North Shore last year, 77 queens and 132 nests have been found and removed, with no further sightings since early April.
“This is a really positive sign, but continued vigilance is needed from the public and intensive searching and trapping is ongoing as part of the response operation.
“There is still work to do in this next phase of the response. While we have made great progress, we must be ready for the possibility that some queens have survived. Even if we detect no hornets in spring, we will need ongoing surveillance with no detections before we can confirm eradication.”
The Bioeconomy Science Institute is also creating a readiness guide to support the apiculture sector in managing hornets long term, should the need arise.
“As part of our response, it makes sense to review the tools and approaches used by beekeepers overseas where the hornet is established,” Mr Hoggard says.
The research projects are supported through the Bioeconomy Science Institute’s Strategic Science Investment Fund (SSIF) funding from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. Overview of the four SSIF funded hornet research projects:
Identifying high‑risk areas for ongoing hornet presence using modelling.
Assessing the potential impacts of yellow‑legged hornets in non‑urban parts of New Zealand.
Targeted science communication to build awareness among Māori communities of the threat posed by yellow‑legged hornets.
A readiness package for the honey and pollination sectors should long term management become necessary, drawing on international experience and New Zealand’s eradication response learnings.
