新西兰推出建筑系统重大改革法案 旨在提速降成本并支持住房供应增长

2026年7月3日，新西兰建筑与建设部长 Chris Penk 表示，政府已在国会一读通过《建筑修正法案》（Building Amendment Bill），该法案将带来20年来最重大的建筑体系改革，以提升效率、降低成本，并推动住房与建筑行业发展。

Penk表示，政府的目标是“回归基础、建设未来”，通过改革释放行业创新能力，加快项目交付，并扩大住房选择，同时维持必要的安全保障机制。

责任机制重大调整：从“连带责任”转向“按比例责任”

法案核心改革之一是调整建筑行业责任制度，由现行的“连带责任（joint and several liability）”转向“按比例责任（proportionate liability）”。

这意味着，各参与方只需为自身造成的部分问题承担责任，而不再由无责方或地方政府承担全部赔偿风险。

Penk指出，过去长期存在地方政府等机构被迫承担其未造成缺陷的成本，此次改革旨在建立更公平、更可持续的责任体系，同时强化对业主的保护。

强化消费者保护：引入强制保险与保障机制

改革同时引入多项强制性保障措施，包括：

• 建筑设计人员及工程师强制职业责任保险
• 大部分新建住宅及重大改建项目（10万纽币以上）必须提供住宅质量保障（home warranties）
• 增设新的违法处罚条款，以提高合规性

政府表示，这些措施旨在在提升行业责任的同时，保护普通购房者权益。

提升效率：加快审批流程与制度整合

法案还针对建筑审批流程进行一系列优化，包括：

• 允许各地建筑许可机构（BCA）自愿整合，提高全国一致性与效率
• 将项目信息备忘录（PIM）处理时间由20个工作日缩短至10个工作日
• 为配备太阳能等绿色能源的新住宅设立10个工作日快速审批通道

此外，政府还将扩大“祖母房”（granny flats）建设豁免范围，允许部分预制或异地建造住宅在PIM完成前提前生产。

推动绿色与创新建筑发展

法案鼓励建设更具可持续性的住房，包括节能、环保及多样化住房形式。

同时，政府将整合建筑研究相关资金机制，把原有“建筑研究征费”与“建筑征费”合并，并引入更具竞争性的资金分配模式，以支持行业创新。

政府立场

Penk表示，该法案是在与建筑行业、保险机构、担保提供方及地方政府广泛沟通基础上制定的。

他强调，改革目标是让新西兰建筑行业“全面运转起来”，通过更现代化、更高效的制度体系，推动住房供应增长并改善建设能力。

Building system reforms are set to make construction easier, faster and more affordable while also strengthening protections for homeowners, Building and Construction Minister Chris Penk says.

“The Building Amendment Bill passed its first reading today, and will deliver the most significant building system reforms in 20 years, with the express purpose of improving regulation and supporting New Zealand industry to grow and deliver the homes and buildings we need,” Mr Penk says.

“This Government is committed to fixing the basics and building the future. This bill will unlock innovation, speed up delivery, and expand housing options, all while keeping important safeguards in place.”

The changes will also make it easier for Kiwis to build homes that are affordable, energy efficient, resilient, environmentally friendly, and diverse.

“At the heart of this bill is a fundamental shift to a fairer liability system for the construction sector – one which ensures accountability for building work sits where it should, while maintaining strong consumer protections.”

The building system will move from joint and several liability to proportionate liability, ensuring parties are responsible only for their share of work.

“For too long, councils and other parties have been left footing the bill for defects they did not cause. We are moving toward a fairer, more sustainable approach and strengthening protections for homeowners through mandatory safeguards,” Mr Penk says.

These include:

Mandatory professional indemnity insurance for building design professionals and engineers who contribute through advice or service to the design of building work
Mandatory home warranties for most new builds and major renovations $100,000 or more
New offences to deter non-compliance

“These measures strike the right balance between protecting mum and dad homeowners, while driving greater accountability across the sector. They mark the most significant shift in liability settings in a generation.”

Mr Penk says the bill will also address issues that make the building system slow, costly and inconsistent by removing barriers to modernise outdated settings and give those in the sector the tools they need to perform.

Further changes include:

Improving consistency and efficiency across New Zealand’s 69 Building Consent Authorities (BCAs) by enabling voluntary consolidation of BCA functions and reducing Project Information Memorandum (PIM) processing times from 20 to 10 working days
Introducing a fast-track 10-working-day building consent pathway for new residential buildings with solar generation or other sustainable features
Expanding the building consent exemption for granny flats, by allowing offsite-constructed dwellings to be built in advance of a PIM
Modernising building research funding by combining the Building Research Levy with the Building Levy and introducing a more contestable funding model

“These reforms reflect the extensive engagement that we have carried out with the construction sector, insurers and warranty providers, and local government,” Mr Penk says.

“We are determined to get the building and construction sector firing on all cylinders – and this bill delivers the bold changes needed to make that happen.”

More information can be found at the MBIE website: Priority work programmes | Building Performance